The Government Accountability Office (GAO) recently released a report on the opportunities and challenges related to hypersonic weapons.
Hypersonic weapons fly at least 3,800 miles per hour at lower altitudes than ballistic missiles and are highly maneuverable and may be able to change targets during flight.
“Advances in hypersonic technologies have significant implications for national security, as well as for transportation and space systems,” the GAO said. “Research and development of offensive and defensive capabilities in hypersonics is and will remain critically important.”
The advantages of using hypersonic weapons include the fact that it is extremely difficult for which adversaries to prepare; military officials would have more decision-making time since flight paths can be changed; piloted hypersonic vehicles would allow for very short travel times and might have commercial applications; mobile, high-value military targets and adversary weapons systems could be hit; and the ability to penetrate existing adversary anti-aircraft and anti-missile systems.
Challenges include the necessity to improve aircraft control and guidance to help ensure accuracy and avoid in-flight accidents or loss of control of hypersonic vehicles; limited places to perform ground tests and flight tests; the refinement of engine technology would be needed; and advanced materials need developed to protect interior electronics from extreme temperatures.